Using the strategy of “compare and contrast” are often good ways to help learn concepts.
In the context of schools developing better ways to connect with parents, I obviously prefer looking at through the involvement versus engagement “lens.” I think it’s simple, clearly understood, and accurate. It was developed by the Industrial Area Foundation and written about by Dennis Shirley.
Others may prefer a more nuanced approach. The University of Minnesota Extensive developed a document from S. M. Swap’s work titled Four Models of Parent Involvement that looks pretty good to me.
And, of course, there’s the more well-known framework of Six Types of Parent Involvement from Joyce Epstein.
Different situations might call for different tools….x